Africa. Ruga-Ruga (mercenary) or Mirambo patriot, indigenous Uatuta and indigenous Deluhha. Chromolithography, 19th century.

History of Africa. 19th century. Ruga-Ruga (mercenaries, they came into knowledge first as an auxiliary force of Nyamwezi-chieftain Mirambo), indigenous Uatuta and indigenous Deluhha. Ruga-Ruga were irregular troops in East Africa, under command of Western colonial forces, usually employed as mercenaries or auxiliary forces of the local troops, called Askari. Chromolithography. El Congo y la Creación del Estado Independiente de este nombre. Historia de los Trabajos y Exploraciones Verificados (The Congo and the Founding of its Free State. A Story of Work and Exploration), by Henry M. Stanley. Edited in Barcelona, ca.1890. Spain.