Operating on Guanyu's Arm, 1840s (hanging scroll; ink, color and gold leaf on silk)

Katsushika ?i (Japanese, about 1800-after 1857) Japan, Edo Period, Bunsei era (1818-1830) This imposing image bears the signature and seal of Oi, daughter of Katsushika Hokusai, the best known Japanese artist in the Western world. Oi served in her father's studio as an assistant and then collaborator during the early 1800s, when Hokusai's popularity in Japan was at its zenith. The dazzling composition, design sense, and palette of colorful mineral pigments in this hanging scroll record her artistic powers at their finest.

The event pictured here comes from a 16th-century Chinese novel, The Romance of the Three Kingdoms, which enjoyed great popularity during the 18th and 19th centuries among educated Japanese society. Here Oi portrayed the passage in which the legendary 3rd-century military leader Guanyu undergoes a bloodletting to remove poisons received from an arrow wound. During the operation, with his attendants cowering at the sight of his bloody arm, Guanyu remains focused on a game of go (similar to the Western game of chess) and—judging from the sumptuous food and drink in the background still life—looks forward to a satisfying meal.