Germany / Italy: Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini in Munich, September 1937

Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 - 30 April 1945) was a German politician of Austrian origin who was the leader of the Nazi Party (NSDAP), Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945, and Führer ('leader') of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945. As dictator of Nazi Germany he initiated World War II in Europe and was a central figure of the Holocaust. Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (29 July 1883 - 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician, journalist, and leader of the National Fascist Party, ruling the country as Prime Minister from 1922 until he was ousted in 1943. He ruled constitutionally until 1925, when he dropped all pretense of democracy and set up a legal dictatorship. Known as Il Duce ('The Leader'), Mussolini was the founder of fascism.